The historical context of Gothic Literature has evolved with the prevailing social, political, and personal events of the authors and their times. Not even contemporary horror author, Stephen King, though his diabolical clown story movie remake, It is enjoying a successful resurgence to invigorate the genre once again. As Poe wrote in The Tell-Tale Heart: " What you mistake for madness is but over-acuteness of the senses." While other American authors, including Nathaniel Hawthorne ( The Prophetic Pictures) and Washington Irving ( The Legend of Sleepy Hollow), contributed to the genre of gothic fiction, nobody tops Edgar Allan Poe. His curiosity with psychological trauma, the supernatural, and experience with mental illness extended a degree of horror that is unparalleled. Poe owns the genre the tragic events of his own lifetime helped him see and write about the world's worst evils. What made American Gothic Fiction distinctive from European authors? Three words: Edgar Allan Poe. His female lesbian dracula novel, Carmilla (1872), inspired Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897). In the nineteenth century, Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu became a leading author of horror and ghost stories. The first recognized Gothic novel was Horace Walpole's The Castle of Otranto (1764). Gothic literature took that further, involving horror, terror, death, omens, the supernatural, and heroines in distress. Dark Romanticism draws from darker elements of the human psyche, the evil side of spiritual truth. Originating in England and Germany in the later part of the 18th century, it grew out of Romanticism, a strong reaction against the Transcendental Movement. The word "gothic" has had a resurgence of popularity with selective young people: "goth" has come to represent a culture of dark music, dress, and attitude intent to be shocking or disturbing to others. Romantic and Victorian authors who embraced this genre included Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Bram Stoker's Dracula, and with a particular focus on psychological terror, the entire canon of Edgar Allan Poe. The etymology of the word "Gothic" is from the French gothique and in Latin, Gothi, which means "not classical." A reference to the ancient Germanic people's language, it became a medieval style of art and architecture that emerged in Northern Europe in the 1640s, and by the 19th century became a literary style that used medieval settings to suggest mystery and horror.
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